A Contemporary Review of Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Clinical Integration
Journal of Vascular Diseases, vol.4, no.3, 2025 (Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Review
- Volume: 4 Issue: 3
- Publication Date: 2025
- Doi Number: 10.3390/jvd4030026
- Journal Name: Journal of Vascular Diseases
- Journal Indexes: Scopus
- Keywords: aortic aneurysm, epigenetics, extracellular matrix, genetics, inflammation, smooth muscle cell
- Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm is a vascular disease with a complex pathogenesis which is usually asymptomatic but can lead to high mortality with sudden rupture. This review comprehensively examines the molecular mechanisms of aortic aneurysms in the context of extracellular matrix destruction, smooth muscle cell apoptosis, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, genetic mutations, and epigenetic regulations. In addition, the potential of molecular biomarkers in diagnosis and prognosis and targeted treatment strategies are evaluated. Animal models and translational findings form the basis for establishing a bridge between preclinical and clinical applications. This study aims to provide insight into the integration of molecular findings into clinical practice in light of the current literature and to guide future research.