Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Food Chemistry, cilt.492, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
The growing environmental and health problems associated with pesticides and their residues in water, food, and environmet have highlighted the acute demand for rapid, sensitive, and reliable detection methods. In this review, we submit recent improvements in the electrochemical detection of various kinds of pesticides utilizing nanosheet-based electrode materials. Two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (e.g., MoS2, WS2), MXenes, and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) present inimitable benefits, including excellent conductivity, high surface area, also tunable surface functionalities, which remarkably raise the sensitivity and selectivity of electrochemical sensor systems. These nanosheet materials, when incorporated into electrode platforms, make easy efficient electron transfer and supply abundant active functional sites for target analyte interaction. Various sensor configurations, including enzyme-based and enzymeless systems, have been developed for detecting a wide range of pesticide classes such as carbamates and organophosphates. The integration of advanced nanocomposites—such as metal nanoparticle-decorated nanosheets or doped layered materials—further improves detection limits, linear response ranges, and real-sample applicability. The review focuses on nanosheet-based electrochemical sensors that have been developed for the analysis of pesticides in food and environmental samples. A thorough analysis of the sensors' performance is conducted, with a focus on analytical parameters, detection mechanisms and practical applications. Furthermore, the integration of the aforementioned sensors with technologies such as portability, on-site analysis and the Internet of Things and smartphone integration is discussed, with the aim of providing guidance for future studies in the fields of food safety and environmental protection.