Defect-Assisted nonlinear and optical limiting properties of Co/Ce co-doped ZnO thin films
Optical Materials, cilt.179, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 179
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.optmat.2026.118383
- Dergi Adı: Optical Materials
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Applied Science & Technology Source, Chimica, Compendex, INSPEC, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Ce/co co-doped ZnO, Extinction coefficient, Photoluminescence, Refractive index, Thin films, Urbach energy
- Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Zinc oxide thin films doped with transition metal (Co) and rare-earth element (Ce) (Zn094Co001Ce005O) were grown with different thicknesses using the sol-gel method. In the produced films, the effects of the sol-gel technique, film thicknesses, generated defects, and the calculated strain, deformation, and crystallite sizes on the optical properties were investigated. The structural analysis, surface morphology, elemental composition, and crystallite sizes of Zn094Co001Ce005O thin films were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The types and densities of defects, as well as the crystal quality of the thin films, were examined using Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. A broad visible emission band (violet-blue and red emissions) was observed in the measurements. The nonlinear optical properties of Zn094Co001Ce005O thin films were measured using the Z-scan technique. Nonlinear and optical limiting properties were investigated at a wavelength of 532 nm using a high pulse energy Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. It was observed that the nonlinear absorption behavior varied depending on the film thickness and pulse energy. Nonlinear absorption and negative nonlinear refractive index values of 2.89 × 10-4 cm2/W and 3.96 × 10-9 cm2/W were measured at a 3.8 μJ input energy for the 50-dip film (401 nm) sample. Optical limiting behavior was observed in the 50-dip Zn094Co001Ce005O thin films. In optical limiting experiments, it was found that for input energies up to 7.2 mJ, the output energy was limited to 0.95 mJ for the 50-dip Ce-doped ZnCoO thin films.