Unveiling the synergistic potency of chlorhexidine and azithromycin in combined action

Samgane G., KARAÇAM S., Tunçer Çağlayan S.

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, cilt.397, sa.8, ss.5975-5987, 2024 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 397 Sayı: 8
  • Basım Tarihi: 2024
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s00210-024-03010-0
  • Dergi Adı: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, BIOSIS, Biotechnology Research Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Veterinary Science Database
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.5975-5987
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Azithromycin, Chlorhexidine, Flagellin, Growth inhibition, NF-κB, TLR5
  • Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

The growing challenge of antibiotic resistance necessitates novel approaches for combating bacterial infections. This study explores the distinctive synergy between chlorhexidine, an antiseptic and disinfectant agent, and azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, in their impact on bacterial growth and virulence factors using Escherichia coli strain Crooks (ATCC 8739) as a model. Our findings reveal that the chlorhexidine and azithromycin combination demonstrates enhanced anti-bacterial effects compared to individual treatments. Intriguingly, the combination induced oxidative stress, decreased flagellin expression, impaired bacterial motility, and enhanced bacterial autoaggregation. Notably, the combined treatment also demonstrated a substantial reduction in bacterial adherence to colon epithelial cells and downregulated NF-κB in the epithelial cells. In conclusion, these results shed light on the potential of the chlorhexidine and azithromycin synergy as a compelling strategy to address the rising challenge of antibiotic resistance and may pave the way for innovative therapeutic interventions in tackling bacterial infections.