Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Scientific Reports, cilt.16, sa.1, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Regional climate variability across Türkiye poses significant engineering and design challenges in optimizing building energy performance. This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the energy, exergy, economic, and environmental (4E) performance of next-generation porous clay bricks enhanced with pumice and vermiculite additives (thermal conductivity ranging from 0.439 to 0.816 W/mK), in comparison with standard bricks (k = 1.041 W/mK). The corresponding reference-wall U-value is U = 2.44 W/m2K, whereas the PV4 wall achieves U = 1.44 W/m2K, corresponding to an approximate 41% U-value reduction. A 235 m2 duplex residential model was simulated using EnergyPlus (v8.4) with an annual resolution (8,760 h) across six representative climate zones—Mersin, Denizli, Bursa, Ankara, Kastamonu, and Erzurum. Results indicate that the PV4 brick mixture, composed of 55% clay, 40% pumice, and 5% vermiculite, reduces total annual energy consumption by 9.78% in Mersin (cooling-dominated) to 12.92% in Erzurum (heating-dominated). Exergy losses were reduced by 10.04% in Mersin and 13.66% in Erzurum (PV4 vs. PV0). Furthermore, annual CO₂ emissions were reduced by 3.1 kg/m2 in Mersin and 4.7 kg/m2 in Erzurum, and the payback period improved to a range of 4.8 to 6.6 years. These findings highlight the significant potential of climate-adapted building envelope materials in enhancing the thermo-environmental and economic performance of Türkiye’s residential building stock.