Comparison of Celsian Based Glazes Fired Under Industrial Wall and Porcelain Tile Firing Regimes

Yıldız B.

3rd International Üsküdar Scientific Research Congress, İstanbul, Türkiye, 8 - 09 Mart 2025, ss.36-37, (Özet Bildiri)

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Özet Bildiri
  • Basıldığı Şehir: İstanbul
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.36-37
  • Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

COMPARISON OF CELSIAN-BASED GLAZES FIRED UNDER INDUSTRIAL WALL AND PORCELAIN TILE FIRING REGIMES

Abstract

In the ceramic tile industry, glazes with various aesthetic appearances can be achieved by using different types of frits. The microstructure of the glazes, and consequently their surface and optical properties, can vary depending on the glaze composition, preparation conditions, and industrial firing cycles. In this study, the formation of the celsian phase (BaAl2Si2O8) in glazes subjected to different industrial firing regimes was investigated, and the properties of the glazes were compared. Barium-based frits were used to prepare the glazes, which were then applied to commercial wall and porcelain tile bodies using a glaze applicator. The glazed tiles were subsequently fired under industrial conditions: in the wall tile regime at 1148°C for 33 minutes, and in the porcelain tile regime at 1210°C for 39 minutes. After the firing process, the L*, a*, and b* color values and glossiness (measured at an angle of 80°) were recorded. The phases formed in the structure were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the microstructure was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that more opaque (higher L* value) and matte glazes were obtained in the industrial wall tile regime. The L* value of glazes fired in the wall tile regime ranged from 77 to 81, whereas in the porcelain tile regime, it ranged from 71 to 75. Similarly, the glossiness value in the wall tile regime varied between 19 and 28, while in the porcelain tile regime, it ranged from 46 to 65. XRD analysis identified celsian as the main phase formed in the glaze after both industrial firing cycles. When comparing the crystal peak intensities in the XRD patterns, higher peak intensities were observed in the glazes fired in the wall tile regime. SEM analysis revealed that the glassy phase content in the glazes fired in the wall tile regime was lower.

Keywords: Industrial firing, Celsian-based glazes, Optical properties