A Study on the Impact of Industry 5.0 and ESG on Sustainability4. Addressing Challenges

Mankind had experienced the first industrial revolution, which marked the transition from agricultural society to industrial society with mechanical production systems using water and steam power; the second with the use of electric power in mass production; and the third industrial revolution, in which production became more automated with the development of information technologies. Then Industry 4.0, which includes many advanced automation systems, data exchanges and production technologies, entered the life of humanity. Industry 5.0, a production paradigm that aims to increase the cooperation and harmony between man and machine, which came to the agenda before this transition was experienced in most countries, had to focus on the ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) approach, which refers to environmental, social and governance criteria, for various reasons. Because while the industrial revolutions using the linear production model were taking place, it was realized after it was too late that the rights of labor and the environment used in production were ignored. Therefore, Industry 5.0 is based on sustainability with its circular production model and ESG approach. In short, the fact that the rights of labor and the environment were ignored while the industrial revolutions were taking place was realized after it was too late, when the planet started to be lost. Therefore, with the Industry 5.0 production model, both labor and the environment seem to have become more important. The reasons for and the possibility of this are the subject of this qualitative study.