Electrochemical Analysis of Pesticide in Food Samples


Demir E., Silah H., Aydoğdu N.

in: Medicine & Health 2021, Hüseyin Kafadar,Hakan Kaya, Editor, Efe Akademi Yayınlar, İstanbul, pp.213-234, 2021

  • Publication Type: Book Chapter / Chapter Research Book
  • Publication Date: 2021
  • Publisher: Efe Akademi Yayınlar
  • City: İstanbul
  • Page Numbers: pp.213-234
  • Editors: Hüseyin Kafadar,Hakan Kaya, Editor
  • Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Pesticides such as insecticide, herbicide, fungicide, rodenticide,

molluscicide, etc. are widely used in agricultural as well as non-agricultural

purposes because they supply benefits such as increased product and quality

of yield (Baksh et al., 2020; Caetano et al., 2020). They are easily released

into the environmental areas such as soil, water, edible foods, groundwater,

and drinking water and avoiding exposure to pesticides in the environment

became almost impossible (Baksh et al., 2020).

Pesticide residues are products that come out as a result of the

breakdown of pesticides by various factors such as temperature, light, pH,

and moisture etc. Pesticide residues in environmental fields, air and water,

which able to diffuse into human or animal bodies and give rise to severe

healt problems, cancers, nervous system problems, thyroid problems, and

other potential vital risks (Bilal et al., 2021). Therefore, it is essential to

improve a simple, selective, sensitive and rapid different methods to

determine the pesticides and their residues in fruit, vegetables, foods, soil, air

and water at trace levels to avoid the toxic risk of highly dangerous

pesticides (Baksh et al., 2020; Y. Li et al., 2019).

Different analytical methods have been used for the determination of

the pesticides such as liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis (CE),

gas chromatography, bioassays colorimetry, spectroscopy, and nuclear

magnetic resonance spectroscopy (Caetano et al., 2020). Although these

reported techniques manufacture effective, sensitive, and accurate results,

they exhibit a variety of limitations, such as operational difficulty, timeconsuming

procedures, expensive instrumentation and extraction settings

and long analysis periods (Y. Li et al., 2019; Özcan et al., 2021). Also, these

methods need costly chemicals and standards, complex sample preparation

system, advanced research laboratory, trained manpower (Chansi et al.,

2020). So, numerous scientists have been working intensively in recent years

on the development of new analytical methods for the selective and

sensitive, portable, cheap and reliable detection of pesticides and their

application to real samples such as soil, water and the environment (Gege et

al., 2021).

Today, the development of micro sensors based on biological and

chemical have now become one of the most influential fields of study in onsite

analysis. Electrochemical methods are currently one of the most popular

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analytical methods due to their extraordinary properties. Therefore, they

have been preferred in many application areas such as agricultural,

industrial, clinical and environmental to determination of electroactive

compounds. Furtermore, the electroanalytical methods are first alternative

that comes to mind to classical methods used for the determination of

various pesticides and their residues because of their promising advantages

such as high selectivity and sensitivity, simple instrumentation procedure,

robustness, easy operation, relatively, low cost, and short analysis time (Bilal

et al., 2021; Özcan et al., 2021).