Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
6. BİLSEL International Efes Scientific Researches and Innovation Congress,, İzmir, Türkiye, 22 - 23 Şubat 2025, ss.105, (Özet Bildiri)
Asst. Prof. Betül Yıldız¹, Dr. Zehra Emel
Oytac²
ORCID: ¹0000-0002-7520-7722, ²0000-0002-6486-2094
E-Posta: ¹betul.yildiz@bilecik.edu.tr, ²emeloytac@ngkutahyaseramik.com.tr
¹Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Faculty of Engineering, Metallurgy and
Materials Engineering, Bilecik, Türkiye
²NG Kütahya Seramik Inc., R&D Center, Kütahya, Türkiye
In the conducted study, frit recipes in the
SiO₂–Al₂O₃–CaO–Na₂O–ZnO system were examined, with the weight percentages of
other oxides kept constant while varying the Na₂O/Al₂O₃ and Na₂O/SiO₂ ratios.
After developing the frits, glaze compositions containing 92% wt frit and 8% wt
kaolin were prepared. The glazes were fired at 1195°C for a total of 40 minutes
at the NG Kütahya Ceramic factory. After the firing process, the L*, a*, and b*
color values and glossiness of the glazes were measured. The phases formed in
the glazes after firing were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), and their
microstructures were examined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The
microhardness of the glazes was determined using the Vickers hardness method,
and the surface appearance of the glazes was visually compared after the
abrasion test performed at 6000 cycles. The study concluded that the main phase
formed in the glaze structure after firing was anorthite. Due to the low
refractive index of anorthite (1.57), transparent glazes were obtained.
Increasing the Na₂O/SiO₂ and Na₂O/Al₂O₃ ratios did not significantly affect the
color or glossiness of the glazes. SEM studies showed that increasing Na₂O
content in the structure resulted in an increased glassy phase and a decrease
in the amount of anorthite crystals. Additionally, increasing the Na₂O content
in the formulations led to a decrease of 2% to 24% in the hardness values of
the standard composition. Moreover, higher Na₂O content resulted in surfaces
with lower abrasion resistance. The study highlights that, under porcelain tile
firing conditions, the use of Na₂O in anorthite-based glazes significantly
influences their mechanical properties, indicating that caution should be
exercised when incorporating Na₂O. The results are significant not only for
ceramic glazes but also for other anorthite-based glass ceramic systems.
Keywords: Ceramic glaze, Fast firing,
Optical properties, Mechanical properties