Electrochemical sensor for catechol detection: Leveraging ITO@TiO2/RGO/Pt nanocomposites for enhanced water quality monitoring


Larik R., Balouch A., Alveroğlu Durucu E., Silah H., Abdullah A., Saqaf Jagirani M., ...More

Materials Science and Engineering: B, vol.313, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 313
  • Publication Date: 2025
  • Doi Number: 10.1016/j.mseb.2024.117966
  • Journal Name: Materials Science and Engineering: B
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Aerospace Database, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, INSPEC, Metadex, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Keywords: Catechol, Electrochemical sensor, Environmental pollution, ITO@TiO2RGO Pt, Reduced Graphene oxide-based Nanocomposites
  • Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Recent advancements in sensor technology have led to the development of an ITO@TiO2/RGO/Pt nanocomposite-based electrocatalyst for the detection of catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) in water. Catechol is a harmful contaminant affecting human and aquatic life through polluted water and food. The nanocomposites were characterized using UV–Vis, FT-IR, FESEM, EDX, XRD, BET, zeta potential, and particle size analysis to evaluate their functionalities, morphology, composition, and surface properties. ITO glass was modified with these nanocomposites via the drop-casting method. Electrochemical characterization, including cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy, indicated optimal sensor performance with a scanning rate of 100 mV/s and pH 7 PBS, displaying a strong catechol response. The sensor demonstrated a linear range of 5–105 µM with limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 0.013 and 0.046 µM, respectively, and recovery rates between 97.1 % and 101.3 % in water samples. It achieved over 7,580 turnovers with a TOF of 97.5 (mol Catalyst)-1·(min)-1, though the TOF decreased to 34.45 after multiple uses.